If you have to compare advantages, at present, solar photovoltaic power generation has more advantages, because its manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and other costs are lower, and the scope of application is wider.
However, considering the diversity of energy sources, the characteristics of more people, less land, and vast sea area in the eastern coastal areas, China will still vigorously develop wind power in the future, and the market space of offshore wind power seems to be larger than that of onshore wind power. Because although the cost of offshore wind power is higher than that of onshore wind power, the advantages are obvious.
1. Higher fan utilization
The generating power of the wind turbine is directly proportional to the third power of the wind speed. The wind speed at sea is about 20% higher than that on land.
Therefore, the annual generating capacity of the offshore wind turbine is 70% higher than that on land under the same generating capacity. If the annual power generation utilization hours of onshore fans are 2000 hours, the offshore fans can reach more than 3000 hours.
2. The wind at sea is steady
Whether the fan operates well depends on the size of the wind. The wind at sea is generally greater than that on land. The ups and downs of the land terrain have a great effect on slowing down the wind speed on the ground, so the land fans are set up high to take advantage of the relatively large wind at high altitudes.
However, due to the terrain problem, the wind speeds at various heights on the land vary greatly, which leads to large wind shear (change of wind speed in the vertical direction), unbalanced stress on the wind wheel, and easy damage to the transmission system.
There is no such problem at sea. The sea level is generally very flat, the wind has basically no resistance, the average wind speed is high, and the wind shear is less than that on land. In addition, the wind direction change frequency in Shanghai is lower than that on land, so the wind energy on the sea is very stable.
3. Close to power load
A large number of wind farms have been built in the vast northwest of China. Undoubtedly, these wind farms have to be transmitted to the power load center along the southeast coast through UHV and UHV lines, with a distance of more than two or three kilometers.
The offshore wind farms are basically built one or two hundred kilometers along the coast, close to the load center, and there is wind all year round, so they are very suitable for the needs of the power load center.
4. Larger installed capacity of a single machine
The larger the power generation capacity of a single fan, the more sweeping area and wind energy used in the same place, that is, the more fully utilized resources. The larger the unit capacity, the larger the generator and the longer the blades.
The biggest problem on land is transportation. It is difficult to transport nearly 100 meters long blades (even tens of meters when they are divided into two sections) on land, but there is no such problem at sea. Just pull them by boat.
5. No land occupation and no disturbance to residents
The scarcity of land resources, the red line of cultivated land can not be moved, and the forest land can not be built, etc. With the development of onshore wind power, there are fewer and fewer places with good onshore wind resources, and the fan noise has a great impact on residents and animals. Some research institutions have specially studied the impact of fans on wild ducks;
However, these problems do not exist in the construction of offshore wind farms, and China is a large marine country, with a coastline length of more than 18000 kilometers, ranking fourth in the world.
Therefore, when we study the wind power industry, we’d better distinguish onshore wind power from offshore wind power. In terms of future industry market space and growth rate, the three industries from large to small are solar photovoltaic power generation, offshore wind power, and onshore wind power!
