The cost of rooftop photovoltaics mainly includes equipment costs and design and construction costs, as follows:
1. Solar panel cost
The core component of photovoltaic power generation is solar panels, and the lifespan and power generation efficiency of solar panels directly affect the revenue of photovoltaic power plants.
The cost accounts for more than 50% of the total price of the power plant, so selecting photovoltaic modules is the top priority in the installation and construction of power plants.
2. Inverter cost
Inverters can be divided into grid connected inverters and off grid inverters according to their applications. Nowadays, photovoltaic power generation mostly adopts grid connected mode, and the direct current generated by photovoltaics is converted into alternating current through inverters. Inverter is a key equipment for power conversion, which greatly affects the stability of the entire photovoltaic system.
3. Photovoltaic bracket cost
Photovoltaic bracket is a special bracket for placing, installing, and fixing solar panels, consisting of columns, main beams, sandalwood strips, foundations, and other components. Materials generally include C-shaped steel, galvanized steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy.
Generally speaking, photovoltaic brackets need to meet the quality requirements of self weight (constant load), wind load, snow load, temperature load, and seismic load of the bracket and photovoltaic module, no corrosion for 10 years, no decrease in steel performance for 20 years, and still having certain structural stability for 25 years.
4. Cost of combiner box
In order to reduce the connection between solar panels and inverters, solar panels of certain specifications and quantities are connected in series, and several series are connected in parallel to a series of photovoltaic combiner lightning protection boxes, and then connected to inverters.
5. Photovoltaic DC/AC cable cost
DC cables need to use specialized cables that have been certified by photovoltaics, as they are usually laid outdoors and require sun protection, cold resistance, moisture resistance, UV protection, etc.
6. Fixture/cement-based column cost
Fixtures are generally used on color steel tile roofs, while cement-based columns are mostly used on concrete roofs. Compared to fixtures, the cost of cement pier foundation columns is higher.
7. Survey and design costs
Photovoltaic design includes grid connection design and power station design. Project design not only affects construction costs, but also greatly impacts power generation efficiency.
For example, if the spacing design of the array is reasonable, will it cause occlusion; Grid connection method; Electrical primary and secondary access design; How to route cables; The way components are arranged, etc.
8. Construction cost
Including transportation, lifting, labor, consumables loss, grid connection, etc.
